Carthage

The principal Phoenician colony in the western Mediterranean, founded by settlers from Tyre traditionally dated to 814 BCE. Its Punic name Qart-Hadasht ("New City") distinguished it from the older Phoenician settlement of Utica to the north. By the 4th century BCE, Carthage controlled a maritime empire encompassing North Africa, Sicily, Sardinia, the Balearics, and southern Iberia. Destroyed by Rome in 146 BCE at the close of the Third Punic War. Refounded as a Roman colony by Augustus and again, eventually, ruined; the archaeological site is today a UNESCO World Heritage Site.